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the patient’s right to die and be taken on />
life support
Terry Shiavo by />
to support one of the most egregious consequences of the battle of life, the story of Terry Shiavo has headlines for several months now, that was the unconscious woman, who for 15 years on the substances it has received from her feeding tube lived the center of a legal dispute between her husband and her parents. support life is one of the most controversial issues of medical practice today are used to raise funds and human efforts in the rescue of a meaningless life of this woman was injected as the lives of many patients who tortured recorded instead of the artificial prolongation of life through life-support systems be.
Several courts reviewed the case and ended the fight now that Terry hunger by removing his breathing tube 18th March caused death. Schiavo collapsed in 1990 from brain damage caused by a chemical imbalance, resulting from an eating disorder (Torday 2005). From the time she lost consciousness from lack of oxygen, she was kept in the center in a vegetative state in a hospice in Pinellas Park, Florida.
Guardian of Terry, her husband, Michael Schiavo, said that Terry should be allowed to die and insisted on removal of the tube. Her parents, Bob and Mary Schindler, however, insisted that Terry’s life should be supported also claims that her daughter reacts to external stimuli (Word 2005),. Both sides have their supporters, the street protests in support of their views stage, and the media, both in the U.S. and abroad have followed the story closely. Michael Schiavo has insisted that his wife made their wishes and told his uncle and his best friend, she would not the rest of his life in a vegetative state. George felos, Michael Schiavo lawyer said his words: “They said:” I do not want to be kept alive artificially – No tubes for me I go when my time comes to the pipes that .. and everything “(Barrett 2005). Terri’s parents, however, feel that their daughter could condition with an intensive treatment to improve, and we try to keep them alive
Parents in the fight against the unconscious body Schiavo have made numerous attempts to resolve the issue before the court. In seven years the case was by the judges of Florida to 19 (Torday 2005) belongs. All consistently supported Michael Schiavo and refused to reintegrate the tube. The permanent removal of the feeding tube to the rejection of the petition Schindler to the Supreme Court of Florida, where the couple’s request on 26 March. Schindler was denied occurred five times tried to contact the U.S. Supreme Court has consistently refused to get involved. the parents’ appeal to the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Atlanta is not successful (Torday 2005) has been fulfilled.
The case seems to be a purely family matter came up by the highest authorities of the United States, including U.S. President George Bush and Congress incorporated. George W. Bush on 21 March signed laws that allowed the Schindlers seek reintegration of the tube. The law was before the House of Representatives and the Senate passed a vote of 203-58 in the House. The opponents of the law, including Michael Schiavo himself, were strongly against the measures they saw protests as interference in the privacy of individuals. Bush, however, said that adoption of the law as follows: “brought Democrats and Republicans in Congress met last night to the parents of Terri Schiavo another opportunity to save their daughter’s life.” “This is a complex case of severe problems he added. “But in extraordinary circumstances such as these, it is advisable to be on the safe side of life” (Barrett 2005). This action does not apply to the federal judge last call refused to bottom, said Terri drifting toward death.
Another government official of high rank, that was the case as an intervener by Florida Governor Jeb Bush. He supported Terri’s parents and pleaded for reintegration of the tube. Finally, he said he would not to fix the pipe. It was obviously not able to do so after numerous court rulings in favor of Michael Schiavo and the collapse of the bill in the Senate from Florida, which called for the reintegration of the tube procedure.
Business controversial right-to-the
The crux of the matter does not seem to make a decision between life and death, but engage the debate over the extent to which state and society in the life of an individual or family. The suspect most of the cases studied so far, that should a person’s life in the hands of nature is in the case of terminally ill patients are left in a vegetative state, but / ban>
An example is the case of Washington v. Glucksberg was decided by the Supreme Court of the United States 26th June 1997 (No 521 U.S. 702 (1997)). Dr. Harold Glucksberg presented in this case, the question: "the prohibition of Washington assisted suicide against the Fourteenth Amendment, the Due Process has to choose Article by denying terminally ill competent adults the freedom to the death rather than life?" (Oyez, 1997 ). The court disagreed with the assertion that the prohibition of the state of human rights and fundamental freedoms violated. The rejection was carried out with the belief that the practice was "offensive to our traditions and practices" (Oyez, 1997), ANF was able to lift the embargo at the expense of freedom and national interests.
Vacco v. Quill, a similar case (521 U.S. 793 (1997)) held 26th June 1997 was to prove that “the prohibition in New York on physician-assisted suicide violate the Fourteenth Amendment [s], protection under Article right to remove it to the competent terminally ill adults their own salvage therapy, but the denial of the right for patients who do not withdraw their own treatment and could only hope that the doctor do for them “(Oyez, 1997). The court ruled against the motion, the difference between euthanasia and disposal of salvage therapy, as medically assisted suicide include causation and intention to terminate the life of a patient.
Fifteen years ago, the Supreme Court has recognized that the patient has to deny a constitutional right to lifesaving treatment. However, he called the family or guardians of the proof of the will of the patient. This was required, for example, Nancy Cruzan family that was in a coma when his case be reviewed by the court. The case was referred to the Court of the State of Missouri, referred to the conclusion that it was actually said his wish to die before she fell into a coma. The case of the young woman of 25 who “skidded off the road overturned, and was out of his car thrown in a ditch” in 1983 (University of Virginia) was the first case, die on the right side before the Supreme Court of United States to hear.
Recent cases
One of the most notorious cases in the discussion of the right to die is the connection with the activities of Dr. Kevorkian, a controversial doctor who sought to prove his right to die to help the patient. Therefore, 26th March 1999, in Michigan, he was found guilty of second degree murder. Death with Dignity Act, adopted in 1994, Oregon voters, by a narrow margin of 51% to 49%, was supposedly inspired by the activities of Kevorkian. Under this law a competent adult has the right to request a lethal injection by a health professional if he or she is terminally ill.
In Spain, the case of Ramon Sampedro the center of public attention, the person who brought the man paralyzed in an accident 29 years trying to defend his right to assisted suicide. Court decisions, he was asked by the Spanish courts and get the European Commission in Strasbourg. After experiencing the disabling accident at the age of 29, he died at the age of 55
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In distinguishing the decision on the fate of a comatose patient, the court between the different conditions. Said Terri Schiavo was in persistent vegetative state (PVS), one to terminate in which a patient rather for permission to seek life-sustaining treatment from a court. Are there patients who are in a "minimally conscious state (MCS), and" in contrast to PVS patients are able, pain (and pleasure) feel, but because they are so limited in their means of expression can not be sure how well a particular patient MCS, pain, suffering and humiliation "(Mello, 1999). As these patients still being able to feel pain and suffering by prolonged immobilization, they still need permission to use the life-support systems at the end of its argument to remove, is very important in assessing the possibility of abolishing the system of life support. if the patient is able to feel the pain and suffering (and it is likely that physicians are not always judge appropriately able Leiden) .
Now we see more cases, the doctors argue against maintaining the patient’s life and say that “this drug should not be used for torture to death” (Morreim 1994). This point of view of doctors must be approved on the grounds that the doctors know better than that from the medical field, that the right to die to protect the patient from unnecessary suffering. In cases where the patient is not expected by medical experts call it “morally obligatory to aggressive treatment should stop (Morreim 1994), as the future treatment is often unnecessary and cruel.
Denial of life support as a means of extending the patient’s suffering is for the preservation of what is decided by many as a personal right, the right to his own life and death of man related. This conclusion is inevitable, “respecting the autonomy of [the patient] as amended by replacing the decision [his] agent alternative and compatible with the principle of nonmaleficence (Bednarz, 2000) expressed. Even if the person is not in a vegetative state as a full person, deep in the person himself, the thinking and feeling, and its decisions must be respected.
It is clearly necessary to vote in the action with the wishes of the previous patient. Thus, the courts will have a “clear and convincing standard’de these requests is often assumed to useless for the patient. Complicating task of the caretaker,” the courts generally require that the patient views the medical situation, she said now, if he the statement made, but without a preference for the treatment “(Mello, 1999).


Conclusion
In conclusion, specific criteria for the maintenance or withdrawal of life support systems have not been developed by the legal system. The right to die should be a right inherent in human life in today’s world, where people more control and more about their rights. The courts have a point in the requirement for presentation of a patient earlier requests, but as this will not always be detected levied, the assertion often leads people alive artificially if they do not want to be really reduced to a life of a comatose body. To simplify the court decisions in these cases it is would be useful to include a question on life support with the standard procedures of the insurance. Then, each person signed the paper, stating the wish that the life support system be withdrawn if a terminal illness or coma can be safely allowed to die in peace.
In addition, we have the economic aspect of the matter. A person can be prone to make for a developed country, hold down the type of treatment the person is awake, a lot of financial and human resources that can be used to eat better. We live in an age where many people still need food, clothing and most basic things;. Meanwhile, huge funds are being used to keep a balance between life and death of individuals maintain
The case of the removal of life support is particularly acute in relation to patients, as in a minimally conscious state, can still feel the pain and suffering. These people should be concerned over, if their chances of survival are low. The company would be more lenient, so that these patients die rather than subject in recent years to suffer.

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