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Posts tagged Pulmonary
Thrice weekly tuberculosis treatment category 1 and 11 patients of pulmonary tuberculosis Sub Directly Observed Therapy (DOTS)
01 year ago
by admin
in Nutrition & Dieting
three times per week for TB treatment in one category and 11 patients of pulmonary tuberculosis SUB Directly Observed Therapy (DOTS) in rural areas of Sindh, Pakistan.
Author:
DR: Ghulam Rasool BHURGRI
DR: Shamim-ur-Rehman
DR: Muhammad Momina TAKI
strong> DR: Shah Murad MASTOEE .
Dr. Raj Kumar Chohan.
DR: DAHR Ghulam Mustafa.
DR: Faisal Khan.
DR : Atif Sheikh.
SUMMARY:
OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was three times weekly anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) for classes 1 and 11 patients of pulmonary tuberculosis directly observed therapy rate in order to save costs and time required for ATT.
Location and date:
This study was conducted in the TB clinic, conducted Muhammad Medical College Hospital Mirpurkhas, Sindh, Pakistan , July 2005-June 2007
Patients and methods:
outstanding results>:
After eight months in Category1 on 70 patients, 67 patients (96% ) were cured, 3 patients (4%) were smear positive at the start of ATT remained sputum positive. In the category 11 of the 60 patients, 53 patients (88%) were cured, 7 patients (12%) remained smear positive. Throughout the cure rate for both categories 1 and 11 was 92%.
CONCLUSION:
Three times a week ATT is as effective as daily administration of ATT. It needs to be given under strict DOTS strategy. It saves 65-7 -% of drug cost and time compared to the daily diet. words
words: Anti-tuberculosis treatment ATT
Directly Observed Therapy Short Course DOTS.
Address for correspondence:
(2) Dr: Ghulam Rasool Bhurgari
Assistant Professor
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Muhammad Medical College
Mirpurkhas, Pakistan
0333 2871918.
0345-3702876
drgr72@gmail.com E-mail / strong>
INTRODUCTION:
Almost a third of the world population or two billion people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and risk of the disease to develop. More than eight million people develop tuberculosis die (TB) and force every year, around one million people (2). This problem is even worse in Pakistan. There are no reliable data on the incidence and deaths caused by tuberculosis. It seems to rise every year. Although tuberculosis affects all classes of people, it is more common in poor countries, particularly in the productive age of 22-55 years, a large financial burden and hardship to their families.
DOTS (Directly Observed Therapy Short Course) was introduced in 1993 by the World Health Organization (WHO) declared TB a EMERGNCY GLOBAL recognition of the growing significance as a public health problem. (1)
component of case management, which ensures that the patients comply to treatment DOT.DOT means that health care workers or other designated person watches the patient swallow each dose of the drug against tuberculosis. DOT offers a detailed account of the quantity of drugs the patient has really taken out. DOT should be considered for all patients, because doctors often inexact match in predicting which patients with drug therapies on their own. DOT has been shown to be effective if the systems are sometimes used. DOT can significantly reduce the incidence of developing drug resistance and treatment failure or relapse after treatment. The treatment of drug-TB cons can be given if they are directly observable times. With the intermittent regimen repair of the total number of meetings with the health of workers, making these systems more viable. (3)
intermittent ATT, three times a week is as effective as daily therapy.Isoniazid rifampicin, pyrazinamide and streptomycin are effective when administered three times a week if administered daily. This result should not be surprising, since Mycobacterium tuberculosis double 18-24 hours, compared to 12-20 minutes for most bacteria (4).
DOTS has been used successfully in many countries of the UN. We conducted this study in points, the results of three days per week schedules to see better results at lower cost.
PATIENTS AND METHODS :
criteria for patient enrollment in the study:
1
. Patients, the World Health Organisation (WHO) diagnostic criteria for category 1 (patients who completed never been in treatment for tuberculosis) and category 11 (reprocessing, relapse, treatment failure, smear positive ATT took over a month and not reimbursed) pulmonary tuberculosis (WHO) programmed for the treatment of tuberculosis in 2003 National.
2
. Patients and their families has promised to come regularly three times a week for eight months.
130 patients were enrolled in first grade category11.Out study.70 patients and 60 patients of 70 patients in category 1, 40 patients (57%) were smear positive and 30 patients (43%) were smear negative.
Category 11 of 60 patients, 10 patients (17%) were previously used for 8 months, were treated six of these patients had smear positive.50 treatment broke after more than a month . In the category 11 of 36 patients (60%) had positive sputum ridges and 24 patients (40%) swabs were negative.
Among the 130 patients in total there were 70 men (54%) and 60 women (46%). Their ages ranged from 16 to 65 80% of patients were 20-55 years.
MANAGEMENT:
1 COUNCILLING:
A. The patient and his family have the TB disease has been informed of its distribution, course and treatment. Regular treatment for 8 months to heal the patient. improper treatment or discontinuation of treatment for eight months, will reduce TB resistant to the treatment and prognosis.
Food as advised, “all that exists to eat. Diet increases every day, some patients receive drugs to stimulate the appetite. Some patients need short courses of corticosteroids.
C. The focus has been on regular visits are not missed and to treatment. Patients and phone numbers of family and address were recorded.
2 Substance Abuse Treatment: All patients received treatment three days a week as part of the DOTS strategy. The drugs were just drugs and different doses were administered based on calculated weight of the patients by the WHO guidelines for the treatment of tuberculosis in 2003 for three days a week schedule recommended. given
strong> In a class in the early stages Rifamicin months, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol were and were given during the continuation phase of six months Rifampcin, isoniazid and ethambutol.
received in the category of 11 patients during the initial period of two months Rifamicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and streptomycin. arrested early in the third month of streptomycin and four other drugs was continued. During the continuation of ionized phase of five months, rifampicin, ethambutol and continue
.
third During each visit:
a. The patient was followed immediately after their arrival by the greetings and asked about his health, family and work.
b. The temperature and the weight recorded. The patients do not gain weight were encouraged to grow food. Some have drugs that stimulate the appetite and get a little that corticosteroids.
v. A glass of water and medicine from
d. Any given co existing disease was treated.
e. When leaving the patient was reminded about the upcoming visit. If he can not come and medicine have been placed with a family member to give to patients under his supervision. The patient was the feeling that we care about him and want him to become better.
PROGRESS: X-ray of the chest, ESR, Hb soutum smear and AFB were at 2 months, 5 months and end of treatment, repeated eight months.
Results:
After the completion of eight months of ATT, have taken the following criteria in order to heal.
statistics
type a category
patients
categry two TB patients
seventy patients a cat
Patient
cat sixty two
three patients not missed
seven patients two cat
N
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60
70
60
3
br />
missing />
2
12
2
12
69
65
average
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4.0000
5.0000
6.0000
Std error / P>
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
4 0000
5.0000
6.0000
0.00000
0.00000 br /> 0.00000
0.00000
0.00000 frequency table kind a category patients / p>
Cumulative percent / p> br /> Valid
Catone 70
97.2
100.0 missing
2 2.8
Total
72 categry two patients
Valid
catTwo
60 br /> 83.3
100.0
100.0
12 Total
72
100, 0 three patients not
Valid Percent / p>
valid / p> trees
3
4.2
100.0
100.0
69
95.8
Total 72 br /> 100.0 seven patients missed two cat
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100.0 frequencies VARIABLES =
Catone Senty catTwo sixty SVN tree / ORDER = analysis.
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7
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1 Smear negative for AFB on three occasions.
2 Opacities on chest X-rays had been approved, or healed by fibrosis and calcification.
3
. had gained weight.
. ESR fell to normal limits.
5 Hb increased.
6th Symptoms of the patients was free and did his thing.
Class 1 67 (96%) of 70 patients cured.3 patients (4%) positive sputum at the start of ATT had remained smear positive. In the category 11 of 53 patients (88%) were 60 cured.7 (12%) were sputum positive, as they were in early ATT. While all cure rate in both categories 1 and 11 was 92%.
DISCUSSION:
The general objective for the successful treatment of new smear is 85% or more (5). Successful treatment with DOTS is close to national 82% to 85% global target. (6) We have cure rates of 96% for class 1, class 88% in 11 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and the overall cure rate in both categories 1 and 11 92% was achieved.
The result better than the global target for national programs by the WHO. Perhaps because our total number of patients was small, and few multi-resistant (MDR) were enrolled.
We believe that our high rate of recovery is due to the fact that during this trip, we do not leave a patient misses even a single dose of the medication. Council Ling at each visit was useful. We had to scare the patient if he is still missing a single dose of the medication, it will not be cured. He died coughing blood and helps no medicine.
patients were told that the success of inpatient treatment also of interest when they catch the illness of the patient.Diet also plays an important role:
at each visit the patient was weighed and advised to increase their daily food intake. Some very anorexic patients received steroids and antidepressants.
Dot give not only drugs under the supervision of the Peon. The doctor and his team win the confidence of treatment, the patient, patient care, sympathy, concern and courtesy, while the patient is not on his ATT complete without interruption. This increases the cure rate and reduce the development of MDR.CONCLUSION:
three days per week for an ATT group and 11 patients Pulmonary benign part of a strategy and strict DOTS strategy is effective and less costly than the half of my heart monitored diet.
If the entire plan to use drugs for eight months are 3 days per week compared to the daily diet for 8 months, a gain 65-70% of the cost and time.
This means that the amount allocated by the government for the fight against tuberculosis, up to three times more patients can be treated. This also means that only 40% sincere and dedicated staff can do better than now to be done.
Key Message:
a) All patients in Group 1 and 11 of pulmonary tuberculosis can be treated successfully with three days one week ATT plan under DOTS.
b) three days per week ATT saves 65-70% of the money and time,
c) can improve DOTS, if the results used with sincerity and devotion.
References:
a guideline for national TB control programs on the management of TB, World Health Day 2003
2 Dye C et al. The global burden of tuberculosis: estimated incidence, morbidity and prevelent on the country. JAMA 1999, 282 (7) :677-678
traffic Core 3 on the 4th Edition TB 200 SU Department of Health and of Human Services.
4 North RJ, Izzo AA, Mycobactrium virulence J.EXP.Med 1993:177 (6) from 1723 to 1733rd
5 A framework of the DOTS strategy for effective TB control WHO/CDS/TB/2002.297.Geneva: World Health Organization Global TB Programme, 2002.six global TB control, planning financing.WHOreport, 2005.> WHO/HTM/TB/2005.49.Geneva (Switzerland), World Health Org
Anorexia TreatmentNew source of information on the drug against pulmonary hypertension
0>
NeedyMeds, a national nonprofit, has added a new resource on its Web site customized for those with pulmonary hypertension. The site is a source of pulmonary hypertension special help for those who want information about the disease and the money to support them with medication costs.
resource page, created in collaboration with the Pulmonary Hypertension Association, provides information about the disease, including an overview, fact sheets, information about the search for a doctor, and much more. In addition, the page lists the financial resources, which frees the cost of drugs for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, and help hospitals offer programs that other types of financial assistance.
NeedyMeds the database is the most comprehensive and reliable patient assistance programs. All information is free, easy access, and updated regularly. There is no registration enter or the need for users personal information.
Pulmonary Hypertension Association offers a helpline
patient to patient support groups, patient education and advocacy. Links to the Pulmonary Hypertension Association and its programs and services are also on the page resources.
cooperation NeedyMeds Pulmonary Hypertension Association and was created to a larger group of people who need help and support in a time of dwindling resources to achieve. Both organizations are committed to serving people in need.
About
NeedyMeds:
NeedyMeds, a nonprofit based in Massachusetts, have a reliable and comprehensive source of information on getting help for those difficult to pay their medicines or health care. The website (www.needymeds.org) is visited by about 12,000 people each weekday. All information NeedyMeds is always free, easily accessible and regularly updated. Unlike other similar sites, requires no registration NeedyMeds. All information is simply printed.
About the Pulmonary Hypertension Association
:
PHA is the search for ways to prevent and cure pulmonary hypertension of dedicated, and give hope for the pulmonary hypertension community through support, education, advocacy and awareness. The vision of PHA is the life of people affected by pulmonary hypertension improved. Visit www.phassociation.org for more information on PHA.
Contact
:
Richard J. />
NeedyMeds.org
P. O. Box 219, Gloucester, MA 01 931
Tel: 978-281-6666
Fax: 419-858-7221
# # #
clear = “all”
Hypertension drugs
Help Fight primary pulmonary hypertension
01 year ago
by admin
in Health Conditions
you or a loved one may be unwittingly, in which the symptoms of a rare disease called primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH or). This condition develops slowly over a median period of three years, but you must take steps to diagnose it as soon as possible.
It can start developing with everyone in every age, including children, with the highest percentage occurring among women aged between 20 and 40 In recent years, statistics also showed that up to about 1,000 diagnoses per year in the United States.
Some speculations suggest that primary pulmonary hypertension may be caused by the sensitivity of blood vessels erythematosus Raynaud’s syndrome, diet pills, cocaine, HIV, scleroderma or systemic lupus. If you are taking appetite suppressants, or cocaine, we must wean the advice of your doctor.
The pulmonary symptoms are typical of primary hypertension are so variable that the state is difficult to diagnose. You can also progressive shortness of breath or hyperventilation, fatigue, weakness, fainting, drowsiness, dizziness, coughing blood, chest pain, cyanosis (a bluish lips, feet, hands or other parts of the body) and swelling. Fatigue usually occurs during the first occurrence of PPH.
Possible treatments may vary considerably from one patient to include the following: anticoagulants, diuretics, supplemental oxygen, which can be requested at any time may, calcium blockers, intravenous prostacyclin, which is powered by a infusion pump cell phones, medicines to help the function of the right ventricle better, and lung / heart-lung transplant artificial, should first obtain the approval of a lung transplant center.
New therapies for the treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension, are still being tested. The innovations that have already come on, you should have any hope of a return to normal operation, especially if you have no history of heart failure and were only with PPH after 40 Age diagnosed.
The first step in the treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension is, of course, be able to detect it. For this reason, you should thoroughly research a doctor who has an advanced technology for the task and has a good chance of PPH diagnosis, if it is at an early stage. You can not afford all the opportunities when PPH is a sudden danger could be your life and you deserve nothing less than the best care is.
Please do not take the necessary steps today. Your future and that of your loved ones depends on it.
En
As for the diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertension Thurs
01 year ago
by admin
in Health Conditions
After
a person diagnosed as suffering from primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) has been, it is often anxious and confused. Because it is so rare that most people do not know what the symptoms are or expect to get the disease.
Many people have not even heard of primary pulmonary hypertension, and some who should be aware of because the TV ads for litigation related to IT. One of the biggest problems of PPH is that people do not know how a person can be. There are assumptions, but there is no guarantee.
It is suspected that this may be a genetic predisposition to disease may be, and that people with certain connective tissue diseases may be at higher risk may be suspended. One possible cause of the disease, which has only recently come to light is, however, drugs.
It was thought that conditions such as HIV and illicit drugs like cocaine, it could occur in some people, but new evidence has shown that the compounds can in some popular diet drugs is also developing the disease. The majority of primary pulmonary hypertension lawsuits that are currently dealt with this, the food and drugs are the dangers that can cause them.
They are the same types of drugs for heart valve failure caused a lot of people over the years, and now they are also the PPH, which combines a very serious problem. Some believe that this is even more serious. Heart valves can usually be repaired or replaced, but this disease can be as much damage as the graft lung or heart and lung transplantation may be necessary cause.
Most people do not understand symptoms of PPH. This is unfortunate, because these symptoms should be noted that the diagnosis can be made. Only thus can be adequately treated PPH. There is no cure for PPH, but is there a way to reduce symptoms so that patients can feel better and have a better quality of life for a longer time to process. PPH, the average patient lives about three years, once they are diagnosed, but the length of time a person has survived and how they are extremely variable. Some people have only a few months and others live for many years, some of them are doing very well.
They usually do this by making some lifestyle changes and PPH for drugs that help expand blood vessels in the lungs, and they end up more oxygen-rich blood to organs and tissues of the body. Otherwise, these people often suffer from severe shortness of breath, chest pain and chronic fatigue, among many other things. People with PPH can use it to fight for a while and it becomes very difficult for their relatives as well. To see people, people who take care of them slowly deteriorate from PPH often fight against their own battles with anxiety, depression and other issues.
Of course, if pulmonary hypertension is rapidly captured the drugs can increase the disease in most people, so they go to a normal life basically. Unfortunately, because the symptoms come slowly at first, and because the symptoms are similar to other problems, the disease is often undetected until it has reached a very dangerous.
People with symptoms of PPH should be considered carefully by their doctor and should not give medical examinations and treatment until they have some primary pulmonary hypertension or any other condition to learn. Only through such vigilance, it can be controlled.
Pulmonary Hypertension Association Names Recipient of Actelion Pharmaceuticals Corporation 2010
01 year ago
by admin
in Health Conditions
Pulmonary Hypertension Association Names Actelion Pharmaceuticals Recipient of 2010 Corporation of the Year Award
The Pulmonary Hypertension Association and Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc. today announced Actelion has been named the recipient of the 2010 Corporation of the Year Award. The annual award is presented to a company who has shown an outstanding commitment to supporting the pulmonary arterial hypertension patient community and helping to realize the mission of the PHA.
Read more on PR Newswire via Yahoo! Finance
A possible role for Smurf1 in pulmonary hypertension
01 year ago
by admin
in Health Conditions
A Possible Role For Smurf1 In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease, marked by shortness of breath and fatigue which can be fatal if untreated.
Read more on redOrbit
The Loretta McNary Pulmonary Hypertension ft. Show – Part1
21 year ago
by admin
in Health Conditions
Barbara Thompson and Dr. William Novick about pulmonary hypertension, symptoms, treatments and the need to raise awareness of this invisible disease heart-lung machine on the Loretta McNary Show in Memphis, TN. It is not diagnosed and the public and the medical community must be aware of the high pulmonary pressure, there are treatments. For more information: www. phassociation. org or http ~ ~
Primary pulmonary hypertension in infants and other patients
01 year ago
by admin
in Health Conditions
a rare disease called primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is, symptoms that can occur unconsciously in any age. But PPH highest percentage of occurrence should be with women aged between 20 and 40. Primary pulmonary hypertension in newborns is also a possibility, and one known cause for these particular cases, the use of certain antidepressants by women who are pregnant with them during their twentieth week or later.
It has been said that the report does not lead to these women, to wean themselves off of the medication. The investigated antidepressants specifically for this in recent months have familiar names: Celexa, Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft and. Primary pulmonary hypertension in newborns has been predicted to die in about 10-20 percent of the cause of them not long after birth.
The symptoms of primary pulmonary hypertension in newborns can, for hearing loss, abnormalities in the brain, looking to dysfunctional development, including bad food, seizures and anxiety. In older patients, they may fatigue include (as the first symptom), difficulty breathing, drowsiness, dizziness, fainting possible, leg and ankle swelling, chest pain, coughing blood, or bluish discoloration of lips or other parts of the body (also known as cyanosis) are known.
Explore pregnant women, primary pulmonary hypertension in newborns may be able to file a suit against drug companies if they were not sufficient warning on their drugs’ labels before. While they may not recover in a position to the loss of human life, such actions, if nothing else can give them a chance for financial compensation.
When you manifest an elderly PPH, you should know that you should expect that the disease develop very slowly. The median length of time it is said, to take to reach full development for three years. However, you should try to be a doctor, find the latest technology available to you has in the diagnosis, while it is in its earliest stages.
Depending on the treatment you decide to pursue, you can expect an eventual return to normal functioning especially if you do not need a diagnosis until after the 40th Year of life. Your options include calcium channel blockers, anticoagulants, diuretics, intravenous prostacyclin, supplemental oxygen, or, as a last resort, lung / heart-lung transplantation, the evaluation must be approved in a transplant center.
Primary pulmonary hypertension in newborn or someone else should be taken seriously. Take the necessary measures as soon as possible, your future and your loved ones may very well be at stake.
The Loretta McNary Show ft. Pulmonary Hypertension – Part1
21 year ago
by admin
in Health Conditions
Barbara Thompson and Dr. William Novick talk about pulmonary hypertension, its symptoms, treatments and the need to raise awareness of this invisible heart-lung disease on the Loretta McNary Show in Memphis, TN. It is not diagnosed and the public and the medical community must be aware of high pulmonary pressure, there are treatments. For more information: www. phassociation. org ~ ~ or http
Know the signs of primary pulmonary hypertension
01 year ago
by admin
in Health Conditions
It is a rare disease that you or a loved one may unknowingly be you client symptoms and was well known and studied for at least a decade.
This condition is called primary pulmonary hypertension, or PPH, and in recent years, there was only so much as about 1,000 new diagnoses had been in the United States. Signs of primary pulmonary hypertension can occur on anyone at any age, even small children, but especially those who Clock should for them are women between the ages of 20 and 40
In the initial phase, you’ll likely to fatigue experience, symptoms that come later, breathing difficulties, drowsiness, dizziness, fainting possible swelling in the ankles or legs, chest pain, bluish discoloration of the lips and other body parts (also known as cyanosis) and hemoptysis.
It is uncertain what causes the symptoms of primary pulmonary hypertension and how best to diagnose it. The causes are speculative, genetics, family predisposition and diseases of the immune system include, erytematosus Raynaud’s syndrome, appetite suppressants, cocaine, HIV, scleroderma and systemic lupus. New treatments are still being assessed, and the most effective vary from patient to patient.
So far it is known that you take oral drugs that lower blood pressure, such as calcium-channel blockers, anticoagulants, diuretics or to help. Other options include intravenous prostacyclin, supplemental oxygen (which some people would need the whole day), or, as a last resort, lung / heart-lung transplant, which will be approved after an evaluation for a lung transplant center must.
Whatever treatments you decide to promote that they can help you gradually return to normal functioning, especially if you are not a diagnosis until after the 40th Year, and if necessary include your signs of primary pulmonary hypertension is not a history of heart failure.
The median time to take PPH symptoms in order to get fuller development three years. As evidence of primary pulmonary hypertension are so difficult to recognize, you should see a doctor who has the latest technology available, and therefore has the best chance to detect PPH, while it is at an early stage of search.
You can not afford to risk your health or your future, you should take necessary measures to PPH to fight as soon as possible. Take the signs of primary pulmonary hypertension, that you’re serious about experience, especially if they are over a longer period.
