male infertility is a term of reference in nfertility IREF in human males. Infertility />

causes factors refer only to male infertility [4]:

• Hypogonadism Pretesticular made causes various causes
• drugs, alcohol, smoking, driving
• Requiring riding (bicycle, [5] constituency)

testis testicular factors of male infertility factors include
• Poor quality of seeds
No abnormal sperm morphology

oo oligospermia azoospermia (complete absence sperm in the ejaculate, can by scar tissue in the testicles)
factors, which in turn owns substantially affect sperm quality:
• tumor, for example, non-seminoma • idiopathic

• • Cryptorchidism varicocele (14% in one study) [6] [7]

• • • Trauma Hydrocele Mumps
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• Malaria • testicular dysgenesis syndrome
• USP26 errors in some cases [9 ]
• genetic abnormalities on chromosome Y-Y />

• No abnormal chromosome Klinefelter Syndrome
;
Posttesticular causes vas deferens
• • Lack of obstruction of the vas deferens, often with genetic markers for cystic fibrosis br • Infection, eg prostatitis


• • • Hypospadias Impotence
; acrosome error / defect egg penetration

; Diagnosis The diagnosis of infertility begins with a story and made a physical examination by a urologist, preferably with experience or who specializes in male infertility. The provider may request blood tests to look for hormone imbalances or disease. A semen sample will be necessary. Blood tests may indicate genetic causes.

effective exactly in most cases of male infertility and low sperm quality, no clear cause can be identified with current methods of diagnosis.

History The cornerstone of the male partner evaluation is the history. It should be noted the total duration of infertility, previous pregnancies with current or former partners, and if there are problems with the views earlier.

The story must before testicular cancer (penis) insults (torsion, cryptorchidism, trauma), infections (mumps orchitis, epididymitis), other environmental factors ( excessive heat, radiation, chemotherapy), drugs (anabolic steroids can affect cimetidine, spironolactone, and spermatogenesis, phenytoin may diminish the influence of FSH, sulfasalazine and nitrofurantoin motility) and drug ( alcohol, tobacco).

sexual habits, frequency and timing of intercourse, the use of lubricants, and each partner’s previous fertility experiences are important.
loss of libido and headaches or visual disturbances may to a pituitary tumor.

surgical or medical history may indicate liver disease or thyroid (abnormalities of spermatogenesis), diabetic neuropathy (retrograde ejaculation), radical pelvic surgery or retroperitoneal (absent seminal emission secondary to sympathetic nerve injury) or hernias (damage to the vas deferens or testicular blood supply).

The physical examination A complete examination of male infertility is important for general health issues associated with infertility. For example, the patient must be properly virilized; signs of decreased hair or gynecomastia may suggest androgen deficiency.

The scrotal contents should be palpated carefully the status of the patient. As so often psychologically uncomfortable for men is considered a useful tip is to take the test so well organized and thus makes possible.


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